To create an external table you have to create a directory.
this directory contains a file, book1.csv
so logon to sys as sysdba
then issue the command
create or replace directory EXTERNAL as 'E:\EXTERNAL\';

GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY EXTERNAL TO SCOTT;

Now connect scott

now issue the following script :

create table extern_emp
( 
    id      varchar2(10),
    name    varchar2(200),
    address varchar2(1000)
)
    organization external
    (
        default directory EXTERNAL
        access parameters
        (
            records delimited by newline
            fields  terminated by ','
        )
        location('book1.csv')
    )
    parallel
; 

But the CSV files are comma-seperated.


Any field of the csv file may contain comma.
So the previous script will be the following with highlighted portion:

create table extern_emp
( 
    id      varchar2(10),
    name    varchar2(200),
    address varchar2(1000)
)
    organization external
    (
        default directory EXTERNAL
        access parameters
        (
            records delimited by newline
            fields  terminated by ','
            optionally enclosed by '"'
        )
        location('book1.csv')
    )
    parallel
;